Buy Morphine (morphium)  Cas 6211-15-0

Morphine, formerly known as morphium, is an opiate found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum). It is mainly used as an analgesic (pain medication). There are multiple methods used to administer morphine: oral; sublingual; via inhalation; injection into a muscle, injection under the skin, or injection into the spinal cord area; transdermal; intravenously; or via rectal suppository.^[14][17] It acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to induce analgesia and alter perception and emotional response to pain. Physical and psychological dependence and tolerance may develop with repeated administration.^[14] It can be taken for both acute pain and chronic pain and is frequently used for pain from myocardial infarction, kidney stones, and during labor.^[14] Its maximum effect is reached after about 20 minutes when administered intravenously and 60 minutes when administered by mouth, while the duration of its effect is 3–7 hours.^[14][15] Long-acting formulations of morphine are sold under the brand names MS Contin and Kadian, among others. Generic long-acting formulations are also available.^[14]

Common side effects of morphine include drowsiness, euphoria, nausea, dizziness, sweating, and constipation.^[14] Potentially serious side effects of morphine include decreased respiratory effort, vomiting, and low blood pressure.^[14] Morphine is highly addictive and prone to abuse.^[14] If one’s dose is reduced after long-term use, opioid withdrawal symptoms may occur.^[14] Caution is advised for the use of morphine during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it may affect the health of the baby.^[14][3]

Morphine was first isolated in 1804 by German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner.^[18][19] This is believed to be the first isolation of a medicinal alkaloid from a plant.^[20] Merck began marketing it commercially in 1827.^[19] Morphine was more widely used after the invention of the hypodermic syringe in 1853–1855.^[19][21] Sertürner originally named the substance morphium, after the Greek god of dreams, Morpheus, as it has a tendency to cause sleep.^[21][22]

The primary source of morphine is isolation from poppy straw of the opium poppy.^[23] In 2013, approximately 523 tons of morphine were produced.^[24] Approximately 45 tons were used directly for pain, an increase of 400% over the last twenty years.^[24] Most use for this purpose was in the developed world.^[24] About 70% of morphine is used to make other opioids such as hydromorphone, oxymorphone, and heroin.^[24][25][26] It is a Schedule II drug in the United States,^[25] Class A in the United Kingdom,^[6] and Schedule I in Canada.^[27] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines.^[28] In 2023, it was the 156th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.^[29][30] It is available as a generic medication.^[31]