Buy Lorazepam (Ativan) Cas 846-49-1

Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication.^[15] It is used to treat anxiety (including anxiety disorders), insomnia, severe agitation, active seizures including status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.^[15] It is also used during surgery to interfere with memory formation, to sedate those who are being mechanically ventilated, and, along with other treatments, for acute coronary syndrome due to cocaine use.^[15][21] It can be given orally (by mouth), transdermally (on the skin via a topical gel or patch), intravenously (injection into a vein), or intramuscularly (injection into a muscle).^[15] When given by injection, onset of effects is between one and thirty minutes and effects last for up to a day.^[15]

Common side effects include weakness, sleepiness, dizziness, decreased alertness, decreased memory formation, low blood pressure, and a decreased effort to breathe.^[15] When given intravenously, the person is typically closely monitored.^[15] Among those who are depressed, there may be an increased risk of suicide.^[15][22] With long-term use, tolerance may develop, with larger doses required for the same effect.^[15] Physical dependence and psychological dependence may also occur.^[15] If stopped suddenly after long-term use, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome may occur.^[15] Older people more often develop adverse effects.^[23] In this age group, lorazepam is associated with falls and hip fractures.^[24] Due to these concerns, lorazepam use is generally recommended for up to four weeks.^[25]

Lorazepam was initially patented in 1963 and went on sale in the United States in 1977.^[26][27] It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines.^[28] It is available as a generic medication.^[15] In 2023, it was the 100th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 6 million prescriptions.^[29][30]

Lorazepam is used in the short-term management of severe anxiety. In the US, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advises against use of benzodiazepines such as lorazepam for longer than four weeks.^[25][31] It is fast-acting, and useful in treating fast-onset anxiety and panic attacks.^[32]

Lorazepam can effectively reduce agitation and induce sleep, and the duration of effects from a single dose makes it an appropriate choice for the short-term treatment of insomnia, especially in the presence of severe anxiety or night terrors. It has a fairly short duration of action.^[33]

Withdrawal symptoms, including rebound insomnia and rebound anxiety, may occur after seven days of use of lorazepam.^[34]

Intravenous diazepam or lorazepam are first-line treatments for convulsive status epilepticus.^[35] Lorazepam is more effective than diazepam and intravenous phenytoin in the treatment of status epilepticus and has a lower risk of continuing seizures that might require additional medication.^[36] However, phenobarbital has a superior success rate compared to lorazepam and other drugs, at least in the elderly.^[37][38]

Lorazepam’s anticonvulsant properties and pharmacokinetic profile make intravenous use reliable for terminating acute seizures, but induce prolonged sedation. Orally administered benzodiazepines, including lorazepam, are occasionally used as long-term prophylactic treatment of resistant absence seizures; because of gradual tolerance to their anti-seizure effects, benzodiazepines are not considered first-line therapies. Additionally, common seizure characteristics (e.g., hypersalivation, jaw-clenching, involuntary swallowing) pose some difficulties with regard to oral administration.^[39][40]

Lorazepam’s anticonvulsant and central nervous system depressant properties are useful for the treatment and prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. In this setting, impaired liver function is not a hazard with lorazepam, since lorazepam does not require oxidation, in the liver or otherwise, for its metabolism. Lorazepam is noted as being the most tolerable benzodiazepine in those with advanced-stage liver disease.^[41][42][43]