Buy Dipivefrine (epinephrine) Cas 52365-63-6

Dipivefrine, or dipivefrin, also known as epinephrine pivalate and sold under the brand name Propine among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which is used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.^[2][3] It is available as a 0.1% ophthalmic solution (eye drop).^[1][4]

Side effects of dipivefrine include local eye reactions among others. Dipivefrine is a prodrug of epinephrine (adrenaline) and hence acts as a non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist.^[5] It is a substituted phenethylamine and catecholamine and is an ester of epinephrine with much greater fat solubility.^[6][7][8]

Dipivefrine was first described by 1975.^[9] It is widely marketed throughout the world.^[10] However, it is no longer available in the United States.^[11]

Dipivefrine is used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.^[2]

Use in narrow-angle glaucoma may be dangerous because it could make the eye susceptible to an attack of angle closure,^[3] causing an increase in pressure and pain and possibly loss of vision.

The most common side effects of dipivefrine are burning, stinging, and other irritations of the eye. Possible but uncommon side effects are the same as those of epinephrine and include tachycardia (fast heartbeat), hypertension (high blood pressure) and arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat).^[3]

Dipivefrine penetrates the cornea and is then hydrolysed to epinephrine by esterase enzymes.^[8] It increases outflow of the aqueous humour and also reduces its formation (mediated by its action on α₁– and α₂-adrenergic receptors), thus reducing pressure inside the eye. It also increases the conductivity of trabecular filtering cells (a β₂-adrenergic-receptor-mediated action). It is preferred to epinephrine because it is longer-acting, more consistent in its action, and better-tolerated.^[2]