Buy Cannabidiol (phytocannabinoid) Cas 13956-29-1

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid, one of 113 identified cannabinoids in Cannabis, along with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and accounts for up to 40% of the plant’s extract.^[16] Medically, it is an anticonvulsant used to treat two rare forms of childhood epilepsy.^[4] It was discovered in 1940. Clinical research on CBD has included studies related to the treatment of anxiety, addiction, psychosis, movement disorders, and pain, but there is insufficient high-quality evidence that CBD is effective for these conditions.^[17][18][19] CBD is sold as a herbal dietary supplement and promoted with unproven claims of particular therapeutic effects.^[20]

Cannabidiol can be taken internally in multiple ways, including by inhaling cannabis smoke or vapor, swallowing it by mouth, and through use of an aerosol spray inside the cheek.^[21][22] It may be supplied as CBD oil containing only CBD as the active ingredient (excluding THC or terpenes), CBD-dominant hemp extract oil, capsules, dried cannabis, or prescription liquid solution.^[4][19] CBD does not have the same psychoactivity as THC,^[23][24] and can modulate the psychoactive effects of THC on the body if both are present.^{[16][23][25][26]} Conversion of CBD to THC can occur when CBD is heated to temperatures between 250–300 °C, potentially leading to its partial transformation into THC.^[27]

In the United States, the cannabidiol drug Epidiolex was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018, for the treatment of two seizure disorders.^[4] While the 2018 United States farm bill removed hemp and hemp extracts (including CBD) from the Controlled Substances Act, the marketing and sale of CBD formulations for medical use or as an ingredient in dietary supplements or manufactured foods remains illegal under FDA regulation, as of 2024.^[28][29]

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has indicated only one brand of prescription cannabidiol, sold under the brand name Epidiolex, for the treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, or tuberous sclerosis complex in people one year of age and older.^[30][31][32] While Epidiolex treatment is generally well tolerated, it is associated with minor adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal upset, decreased appetite, lethargy, sleepiness, and poor sleep quality.^{[4][31][33][32]}

In the European Union, Epidyolex is indicated for use as adjunctive therapy of seizures associated with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome or Dravet syndrome, in conjunction with clobazam, for people aged two years of age and older.^[10] In 2020, the label for Epidiolex in the US was expanded to include seizures associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. Epidiolex/Epidyolex is the first prescription formulation of plant-derived cannabidiol approved by regulatory bodies in the US and Europe.^[34]

CBD demonstrates potent antimicrobial properties primarily against Gram-positive bacteria, including several ESKAPE pathogens, by disrupting their cell membrane.^[35] While generally ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria due to their protective outer membrane, CBD has shown some activity against specific Gram-negative pathogens like Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Neisseria species. The efficacy of CBD has been demonstrated in topical applications using ex vivo pig skin and mouse models, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.^[36][35]

Health benefits for CBD beyond its approved medical uses are unproven; there are potential risks like liver damage and drug interactions if used during pregnancy or breastfeeding.^[37][20]

CBD may help with pain, sleep, and addiction, potentially serving as a non-intoxicating alternative to opioids, but clinical evidence is limited and legal regulations are complex.^[19][38]

There is very limited evidence on CBD use in mental disorders, and current studies do not show clear benefits for treating any mental health conditions.^[18]

CBD is strongly advised against during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to unknown effects on fetal and infant development.^[37]

Cannabidiol does not appear to have any intoxicating effects^[39] such as those caused by ∆⁹-THC in cannabis, but it is under preliminary research for its possible anxiolytic and antipsychotic effects.^[18][19][24] As the legal landscape and understanding about the differences in medical cannabinoids unfolds, experts are working to distinguish “medical cannabis” (with varying degrees of psychotropic effects and deficits in executive function) from “medical CBD therapies”, which would commonly present as having a reduced or non-psychoactive side-effect profile.^[19][24][40]

Various strains of “medical cannabis” are found to have a significant variation in the ratios of CBD-to-THC and are known to contain other non-psychotropic cannabinoids.^[41] Any psychoactive cannabis, regardless of its CBD content, is derived from the flower (or bud) of the genus Cannabis. As defined by US federal law, non-psychoactive hemp (also commonly termed “industrial hemp“), regardless of its CBD content, is any part of the cannabis plant, whether growing or not, containing a ∆⁹–tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of no more than 0.3% on a dry-weight basis.^[42] In the United States, certain standards are required for legal growing, cultivating, and producing the hemp plant, but there are no federal standards for quality being enforced in the hemp industry. Certain state regulations are in place, but vary state to state.^[43] For instance, the Colorado Industrial Hemp Program registers growers of industrial hemp and samples crops to verify that the dry-weight THC concentration does not exceed 0.3%.^[42]